Abordagem holística durante a gestação: alterações sistêmicas e suas repercussões na saúde bucal

Autores

  • Gerson Aparecido Foratori-Junior Departamento de Odontopediatria, Ortodontia e Saúde Coletiva, Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru, USP Universidade de São Paulo, 17012-901 Bauru - SP, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4760-8948
  • Priscilla Ramos Pereira Faculdade de Odontologia, UNIFIO Centro Universitários da Faculdades Integradas de Ourinhos, 19909-100 Ourinhos - SP, Brasil

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21270/archi.v10i8.5428

Palavras-chave:

Gengivite, Gravidez, Periodontite, Saúde Bucal

Resumo

Diversas alterações fisiológicas, imunológicas e hormonais ocorrem durante a gestação e quando associadas aos comprometimentos sistêmicos materno podem ter efeito sinérgico na saúde bucal das gestantes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi sintetizar as evidências científicas atuais de maior qualidade acerca da associação entre alterações sistêmicas e saúde bucal durante a gravidez. No período de agosto/2020 a março/2021, as seguintes bases de dados foram acessadas: EMBASE, SCOPUS, MEDLINE (Entrez PubMed), Web of Science, BVS/LILACS, e SCIELO. Foram incluídos estudos publicados entre janeiro/2000 a março/2021 em espanhol, inglês e/ou português. Devido às alterações imunológicas e hormonais da gravidez, a gengivite e a periodontite são as doenças bucais de maior prevalência nesse período. As alterações sistêmicas durante a gestação que comumente se associam à prejuízos na cavidade bucal são: anemia, sobrepeso/obesidade, ganho ponderal gestacional excessivo, diabetes mellitus e hipertensão arterial. Ademais, os acometimentos sistêmicos e periodontais na gestação podem prejudicar a saúde dos recém-nascidos. Entretanto, a obesidade e periodontite, apesar de estarem associadas, podem apresentar efeitos antagônicos na saúde dos recém-nascidos, visto que a obesidade se associa a macrossomia e a periodontite materna se associa à prematuridade e ao baixo peso ao nascer. Diante do exposto, conclui-se que diversas alterações sistêmicas se associam à piores parâmetros de saúde bucal durante a gravidez e esses fatores, conjuntamente ou isolados, podem resultar em efeitos perinatais adversos, afetando a saúde das mães e dos bebês.

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Publicado

2021-07-16

Como Citar

Foratori-Junior, G. A., & Pereira, P. R. (2021). Abordagem holística durante a gestação: alterações sistêmicas e suas repercussões na saúde bucal. ARCHIVES OF HEALTH INVESTIGATION, 10(8), 1305–1311. https://doi.org/10.21270/archi.v10i8.5428

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Original Articles