Influence of Surface Sealants on the Roughness and Staining of Composite Resins

Authors

  • Rodrigo Vieira Caixeta School of Dentistry, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente, Brazil
  • Amanda Suéllen Giacomini dos Santos School of Dentistry, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente, Brazil
  • Jéssika Hoffer Consorte School of Dentistry, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente, Brazil
  • Marcela Polay School of Dentistry, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente, Brazil
  • Luy de Abreu Costa Faculty of Dentistry UNESP (FOA), Araçatuba, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3661-8219
  • David Jonathan Rodrigues Gusman School of Dentistry, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente, Brazil
  • Fabio Hideo Kaiahara School of Dentistry, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente, Brazil
  • Bruno Carrino Suave Health Biotechnology Research Laboratory (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente, Brazil
  • Carolina Santinoni Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5153-2419
  • Anderson Catelan School of Dentistry, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5916-8655
  • Fellippo Ramos Verri School of Dentistry, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5688-1669
  • Christine Men Martins Batista School of Dentistry, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente, Brazil
  • Victor Eduardo de Souza Batista School of Dentistry, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente, Brazil, Faculty of Dentistry UNESP (FOA), Araçatuba, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0246-8101

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21270/archi.v15i3.6750

Keywords:

Polishing, Sealants, Composite Resins, Surface Properties

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the surface roughness and staining of two types of composite resins after application of different sealants and to assess the performance of VLB (low-viscosity sealant). Materials and methods: Two types of composite resins, a finishing/polishing system, and two types of surface sealants were used. Eighty test specimens were prepared and randomly distributed into eight groups according to the material and treatment: GZ and GX (controls); GZS; GZF; GZV; GXS; GXF; GXV. Initial color readings were performed using a spectrophotometer, and surface roughness (Ra) was measured with a portable profilometer. Specimens were immersed in a refrigerant for 2 hours daily for 40 days, then subjected to color and roughness readings again. Results: The control groups GZ (Ra=0.30) and GX (Ra=0.39) had higher surface roughness compared to all other groups in both initial and final conditions. The Fortify sealant (Ra=0.13) and the VLB sealant (Ra=0.16) produced similar and better surface roughness values than groups without sealant treatment (Ra=0.29). The control groups GZ=3.49 and GX=3.58 showed clinically unacceptable color change (ΔE above 3.3), while the other groups had clinically acceptable results (1<ΔE<3.3). Conclusion: The nanoparticulate composite resin had better surface smoothness than the bulk-fill hybrid resin. The sealants showed similar performance in terms of roughness and staining. The finishing/polishing and the sealants helped maintain surface roughness after immersion in refrigerant. Staining occurred in the composite resins in all groups; however, only the control groups (GZ and GX) were not clinically acceptable.

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Published

2026-03-31

How to Cite

Caixeta, R. V., Santos, A. S. G. dos, Consorte, J. H., Polay, M., Costa, L. de A., Gusman, D. J. R., … de Souza Batista, V. E. (2026). Influence of Surface Sealants on the Roughness and Staining of Composite Resins. ARCHIVES OF HEALTH INVESTIGATION, 15(3), e6750. https://doi.org/10.21270/archi.v15i3.6750

Issue

Vol. 15 No. 3 (2026)

Section

Original Articles