Active Methodologies in the Prevention of Teenage Pregnancy: an Integrative Literature Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21270/archi.v14i8.6644Keywords:
Pregnancy in Adolescence, Health Education, TeachingAbstract
Adolescent pregnancy is a persistent public health challenge, associated with social, educational, and cultural factors that impact adolescents’ development and future. In the school environment, sex education constitutes a fundamental prevention strategy, especially when mediated by active methodologies. This study aimed to analyze the effects of educational actions based on active methodologies in the prevention of adolescent pregnancy in the school environment, through an integrative literature review. The search was conducted in the PubMed, SciELO, and BVS databases, using controlled descriptors in Portuguese, English, and Spanish. Articles published between 2012 and 2025 that addressed educational interventions with active methodologies applied in schools were included. Of the 23 articles analyzed, only 4 fully met the inclusion criteria. The selected studies demonstrated that active methodologies, such as group dynamics, role-playing, workshops, and participatory approaches, promote greater adolescent engagement, expand knowledge about sexuality, and contribute to the postponement of sexual initiation and the consistent use of contraceptive methods. It was observed that interactive and contextualized strategies favor autonomy and youth protagonism, being more effective than traditional or informative approaches. It is concluded that the use of active methodologies in school-based sex education has a positive impact on the prevention of early pregnancy, reinforcing the need for public policies that encourage their systematic and continuous implementation in educational institutions.
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